100th Senate — GGUM scores
GGUM ideal point estimates for the 100th Senate (members scored: 100 of 101; max PSRF: 1.011).
Download
Download S100-ggum-scores.csv — 101 members, 25 columns (Voteview metadata + GGUM θ, θ SD, PSRF).
Off-diagonal members
The following 2 members fall more than 2.5σ off the OLS fit of GGUM θ on W-NOMINATE dim-1. We flag these as diagnostic cases where the two scalings most disagree.
| Member | Party | State | nominate | GGUM θ | residual |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PROXMIRE | D | WI | -0.60 | +0.19 | +1.20 |
| HOLLINGS | D | SC | -0.29 | +0.28 | +0.60 |
Placements worth a second look
GGUM’s placement of the following members differs from what their established political reputations might lead a reader to expect. We draw attention to these cases so that researchers can consider them before using the estimates for a particular analysis; we are not alleging error.
- PROXMIRE. Proxmire is commonly viewed as an iconic Senate liberal maverick of his era (founder of the Golden Fleece Award), consistently rated among the chamber’s most liberal members. GGUM places him near the chamber median despite his having the single most liberal DW-NOMINATE score of any senator in this Congress.
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The prose on this page was drafted with Anthropic’s Claude Opus 4.7, with plausibility audits by Claude Sonnet 4.5 subagents. The author edited and reviewed throughout.